Fluid compressor



Oct. 4; 1932- C TURSKY 4 1,880,595

FLUID- COMPRESSOR Filed'Sept. 4. 1931 v 3 Shee ts-Shee'i; l

mas 701a CHARLES M 75mm;

5 ,zi 5 l Oct. 4, 1932. c. M. TURSKY I 1,380,595

FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed se t. 4, 1931 3 sheets-sheer 2,

max 703 G-IAELES M Twesm;

Oct. 4, 1932; x c. M. TURSKY 1,880,595

FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed Sept. 4. 1931 SSheets-Sheet 5,

Patented Oct 4, 1932 UNITED STATES Parent FF CE CHARLES m. TURSKY, or P ILADELPHIA, PEIIINSYLVQ'ANIA FLUID COMPRESSOIR a ncamn filed September 4, 1 931.

This invention relates to apparatus of the type forming the subject matter of Letters Patent-of the United States granted to me and respectively Nos. 1,371,824 dated March '15, 1921; 1,47 8,929 dated December 25, 1923;

and 1,533,958 dated April14, 1925; wherein a pair of axially alined rigidly. connected pistons are adapted to be reciprocated by, a crank member carried between said pistons and fitted to reciprocate transversely to the 2o thin including a plurality of stampingswhich are axis of said pistons and having at its outer end a ball fitted in a socket'in an eccentric mounted to rotate on an axis at rigl1t angles to the axis of said pistons.

5 My present improvement relates particularly to means for automatically controlling 1 the intake and exhaust of fluid from cylinders in which said pistons are mounted to reciprocate, and including valves formed-of plane sheet metal, each valve preferably precisely alike; the valves for the intake and exhaust being precisely alike but disposed in reversed relation with reference to a valve seat plate containing the inlet and outlet ports.

My invention includes the various novel' Fig. V is an elevation of one of the plane stamped sheet metal valve disks which, as

shown in Fig. II, are clamped upon opposite sides of said valve seat plate. n

Fig. VI is an elevation of one of the similar separable cylinders shown in section in Fig.

i II.

In said figures; the compressor casing comprises two separable sections 1 and 2, the base section 1 having the pedestal flanges 3 with four holes 4 for bolts 6 by which it may be 5 rigidly connected with any suitable support,

. REISSUE' Serial No. 561,193.

The section 2 is with the section preferably the base plate 7. detachably rigidly connected 1 by the four bolts 8.

Said casing section 2 supports the crank shaft 9 which is rigidly connected with the crank head 10. Said shaft and head .are

journaled in said section 2 independently of said casing section 1. As shown in Fig. II, said shaft9 and head 10 areprovided with respective thrust bearings comprising. the respective series of rollers 11 and .12. Said bearings are held in properly axially spaced relation by the spacing ring 14 between them, said ring being held in said section 2 by the setscrew 15 indicated in Fig. II.

and spaced cylinders" 17 and 18 which are Said casing sectionl carries axially alinedprecisely alike but disposed in opposite rcla I tion with respect to the fluid inlet ports 19 and fluid outlet ports 20.

The pair of-pistons 22 and 23-, which are respectively mounted to reciprocate in said cylinders 17 and 18, are rigidly connected in spaced relation by the rod 24 which has thev crank pin bearing 25 transverse to the common axis of said pistons. Said bearing 25 is provided with the bearing bushing 26 in which the crank pin '27 is mounted to reciprocate. Said pin 27 has the ball end 28 fitted 1n the ball socket 29 in the crank head,,as

shown in Fig. II. The ball socket plate 30 is complementary to said socket 29 and is detachably secured in said head 10, convenseries. V

The crank chamber 33 within said casing section 1 is conveniently utilized as areceptacle for a body of lubricating oil in the lower part thereof. The loose ring 34 which encircles said shaft 9 and said crank head 10 dips into that oil and lifts it as the shaft turns to lubricate the latter and the bearin s iently by three screws 31, in a circumferential associated therewith. Theinterior of said chamber 33 is accessible upon removal of the .door plate 35 which is, however, normally secured in the closed position shown in Fig. II, by a circular series of screws 36.

The valve seat lates- 38 which are respectively located at t e outerends of said cylinders 17 and 18 are precisely alikeand held in rigid relation with said casing section 1 by the cylinder heads 39 and the four bolts 40 extending through each into threaded engagement with said casing section 1. Each of said valve seat plates has two fluid inlet ports 42 and 43 and two fluid outlet ports 45 and .46. Said inlet ports 42 register with the ports 19 which extend through the annular flanges on said cylinders 17 and 18 and are in communication with the ports 43 in said valve seat plates by way of the recesses with the ports 45 through the recesses 49 in the valve seat plates 38, whereas,

said heads.

Said fluid inlet ports 43 are controlled by valves 50 each conveniently composed of three extremely thin stamped sheet metal disks mounted upon the respective inner faces of said valve seat plates 38 and clamped at their perimeters between said plates and the adjacent annular flanges on the cylinders 17 and 18. The outlet ports 45 are controlled by valves 51 each conveniently composed of three extremely thin stamped sheet metal disks mounted upon the respective outer faces of said valve seat plates 38 and clamped at their perimeters between said plates and the respectively local cylinders heads 39.

Referring to Fig. IV, each of said valve seat plates 38 is slightly reduced in thickness, upon both sides, between its perimeter and the line 53 so that said valves 50 and 51 bear only upon the areas within said lines 53 which surround the ports 42, 43, 45 and 46. All of said valve disks 50 and 51 are punched alike and; as shown in Fig. V, each includes a flexible flap 54, but said flaps of the valve disks 50 normally cover the inlet ports 43 in said flaps 54 of the valve disks 51 normally cover the outlet ports45 in said valve seat plates 38.

The construction and arrangement are such that said valve flaps 54 on the valves 50 are flexed inwardly to open the ports 43 as the pistons 22 and 23 move inwardly toward the axis of the crank shaft-9, and return to plane a position, of their'own resilience, closing said ports, when said pistons move away from the axis of said shaft 9. The valves 51 act reversely with respect to said valves 50, i. e., the flexible flaps 54 on the valves 51 are flexed outwardly to open the ports 45 as the pistons 22 and 23 move outwardly, away from the am's of said shaft 9; and said flaps are re turned to plane position, of their own resilience, closing said ports 45 when the pistons 22 and 23 move toward the axis of the crank shaft 9. Thus said inlet ports 43 and 45 are alternately opened and closed by said valves; the valves 50 are closed at each valve seat plate 38; but

being open when the valves 51 as the pistons 22 and 23 reciprocate together,

the valve 50 is open at the. cylinder 17 when the valve 50 is closed at the cylinder 18, and the valve 51 is closed at the cylinder 17 when the valve 51 is open at the cylinder 18. The effect of that arrangement is to supply compressed air at substantially constant pressure through the outlet ports 20, one of said ports being operative while the other is idle.

In order to suppress the whistling noise which would be incident to the direct. admission of air from the outer atmosphere to said inlet ports 19; I prefer to mount the casing section 1 on the base plate 7, so that said ports register with the tortuous passageway 56 between the ribs 57 projecting from the wall 58 and the ribs 59 projecting from the wall 60 in said base plate, as shown in Fig.

III; which passageway is in communication with the outer atmosphere through the port 61. When thus mounted; the outlet ports 20 from said casing section 1 communicate with the manifold chamber 63 between said wall 58 and the wall 64 in said base plate 7, from which the uniformly compressed air is discharged through the outlet port 65 in said wall 64 by way of the conduit 66 which, if-

the device is to be used for the inflation of automobile tires, may be provided with a flexible hose with the usual check valve on the end of it adapted for detachable engagement with tire valve stems.

I find it convenient to drive the crank shaft 9 by direct connection with the armature shaft of an electric motor and, in order to prevent destructive accumulation of pressure in the chamber 63 if the outlet therefrom is provided with a check valve as above contemplated; I prefer to provide said chamber 63 with the safety outlet valve .68 controlling the safety outlet port 69 in said wall 64. Said valve may be manually adjusted to any desired maximum pressure, for instance, one hundred and fifty pounds per square inch, and is effective to permit the escape of air from said chamber 63 if and when the pressure therein exceeds that for which said valve 68 is set.

The form of valves 50 and 51 above described is advantageous in that they are capable of operation, noiselessly, at a rate far in excess of that of which any reciprocato'ry valve is capable, and thus permit the use of a compressor and electric motor to drive it, both much smaller than is possible with any other type of valves to maintain any given pressure of fluid.

' Moreover, the construction and arrange-- compressors but avoids the possibility of leaks from suchpipe connections.

"In my copending application Serial No. 538,47 8 filed May 19,1931 for Letters Patent of the United Statesfor improvement in fluid compressors, 'I have shown aplane sheet metal valve which is a ring clamped at its perimeter and flexible throughout its inner circumference to open and close fluid inlet valve seat plates 38 and their associated valve disks disposed as shown in Fig. II, rotation ofthc shaft 9 causes the device to take air from the outer atmosphere, compress it, and

eject it through the'conduit 66 under compression; mere reversal of said" valve seat plates 38 with their associated valves suflices to change the device from a fluid compressor to a vacuum pump, without any other change in the construction or arrangement of the entire device. Whenthus changed, the apparatus would operate to intake fluid through the conduit 66, (connected with any containerto be evacuated), and discharge to the atmosresilient metal vphere the fluid thus exhausted from the container.

Therefore, I do not desire to limit'myself to the precise details of construction and arrangement herein set forth,'as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims. a

I claim:

1 1. A fluid compressor valve consisting of a plane resilient metal plate having a port therethrough remote from the edge thereof; said port defining a flexible flap; said flap being flexible for permitting the passage of fluid through said port, in one direction, and preventing the passage of fluid through said port, in the opposite direction; said plate having another port therethrough remotefrom the edge thereof and from said 'first port for permittin fluid to freely pass through said plate i the opposite direction, and uncontrolled.

2. In a fluid compressor valve structure; the combination with a valve seat plate having two fluid ports therethrough remote from its edge; of two valves each includin'ga plane plate having a port therethrou h remote from the edge thereof; said port efining a flexible flap; said flap being flexible for ermitting the passage. of fluid through sai port, in one direction, and pre- .5 venting the passage of fluid through said port,

the atmosphere in the opposite direction; each valve having another port therethrough for permitting passage of fluid in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of fluid past said flap; said valves being in contact with the opposite faces of said valve seat plate and with their flaps respectively normally covering the respective ports through said seat plate; whereby passage of fluid through said seat plate 1n one direction is controlled by one of'said valves and, in the opposite direction, by the other of said valves.

3. A valve structure as in claim 1; and a valve seat plate having two fluid ports therethrough remote from its edge respectively registering with the ports in said valve plate and including means for clamping together the perimeters plate.

4:. In a fluid compressor valve structure; the combination with a valve seat plate havof said .seat plate and valve ing two fluid ports therethrough remote from its edge; of two valves each including a plane resilient metal plate having a port therethrough remote from the edge thereof, defining a flexible flap; said fla being flexible for permittingthe passage 0 fluid through said port, in one direction, and preventing the passage offluid through said port, in the opposite direction;"each of said valves having another port therethrough remote from the edge thereof and from said first port for permitting fluid .to freelyrpass through said plate in the opposite-direction, and uncontrolled; said valves vbeing in contact with respectively opposite faces of said valve seat plate and with their flaps respectively normally covering and closing the re- Y spective ports through said seat plate; whereby passage of fluid through said seat plate in one direction is controlled by one of said Valves and, in the opposite direction, by the other of said valves; and means for clamping said plate and valves together includinga casing having separate fluidintake and outlet ports extending through it, respectively in communication with said ports in said seat plate; whereby the passage of fluidinto and out of said casing is controlled by said valves.

5. A valve structure as in claim 5; and means in said casing for alternately subjecting theflaps of the respective valves to fluid pressure and thereby flexing said valves and releasing such pressure. 1

6.. A valve structure as in claim 5; means in said casing for alternately subjecting the flaps of the respective valves to fluid pressure and thereby ing a base plate having a tortuous passageway registering with the fluid admission port in said casing, and in. communication with -7. Avalve structure as in'claim 5; means.

flexing said valves and releasing such pressure; and means for suppressing 1 noise of admission of air to said casing includremote from that inlet port.

in said casing for alternately subjecting the flaps of the respective valves to fluid pressure and thereby flexing said valves and releasing such pressure; and means for sup, pressing noise of admission of air to said casing including a base plate having a tortuous passageway registering with the fluid admission port in said casing, and in communication with the atmosphere remote from that inlet port; said base plate having a manifold chamber in registry with the outlet port in said casing and provided with an outlet.

8. In a fluid compressor valve structure; the combination with a valve seat plate having two fluid ports therethrough remote from its edge; of two valves each including a plane resilient metal plate having a port therethrough remote from the edge thereof; said portdefining a flexible flap; said flap being flexible for permitting the passage of fluid through said port, in one direction, and preventing the passage of fluid through said port, in the opposite direction, each valve having another port therethrough for permitting passage of fluid in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of fluid past said flap;

. said valves being in contact with the opposite faces of said valve seat plate and with their flaps respectively normally covering the respcctive ports through said seat plate; where by passage of fluid through sa1d seat plate in one direction is controlled by one of said valves and, in the opposite direction, by the other of said valves; and means for clamping together the perimeters of said seat plate and valves, including a head covering one of said valves in opposition to said seat plate, separating said flap controlled ports and including respective recesses in communication r therewith and provided with respective fluid inlets and outlets.

9. In a fluid compressor valve structure; the combination with a valve seat plate having two fluid ports therethrough remote from its edge; of two valves each including a plane resilient metal plate having a port therethrough remote from the edge thereof; said port defining a flexible flap; said flap being flexible for permitting the passage of fluid through said port, in one direction, and preventing the passage of fluid through said ort, in the opposite direction, each-valve aving another port therethrough for permitting passage of fluid in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of fluid past said flap; said valves being in contact with the opposite faces of said valve seat plate and with their flaps respectively normally covering the respective ports through said seat plate; whereby passage of fluid through said seat plate in one direction is controlled by I one of said valves and, in the opposite direction, by the other of said valves; means for clamping together the perimeters of said seat plate and valves, including a head covmesses ering one of said valves in opposition to said seat plate, separating said flap controlled ports and including respective recesses 1n communication therewith and provided-with plane faces; a fluid inlet port and a fluid g ort at the margin of outlet port; an inlet said plate adjacent sa1d other inlet port; an

outlet port at the margin of said plate adjacent said other outlet port; two valves, respectively fitted upon opposite sides of said valve seat plate, and each including a plane resilient metal plate havinga port therethrough remote from the edge thereof, defining a flexible flap; said flap being flexible for controlling the passage of fluid through one of said ports remote from the perimeter of said plate; each of said valves having at the margin thereof ports therethrough for registering with the marginal ports in said valve seat plate; and means for clamping said plate and valves in cooperative relation, including a casing having separate fluid inlet and outlet ports extending through it respectively in communication with said marginal ports in said seat plate and valves, and a head covering one of said valves in op sition to said seat plate, separating said ap controlled ports and including respective recesses in communication therewith and in registry with the marginal ports through said valves and seat plate; and screw means extending through said head, valves, and seat plate, in engagement with said casing, clamping the margins thereof together in hermetically tight relation. v

11. A fluid compressor valve consisting of a plane resilient metal plate having a port therethrough remote from the edge'thereof, said port defining a flexible flap; said flap being flexible for permitting the passage of fluid through said port, from one direction,

lid

and preventing the passage of fluid through i 'freely pass through said plate in the opposite direction, and uncontrolled, and openings through the margin of said plate for fastening means, in symmetrical relation with both of said ports; whereby said plate may be selectively fitted to said fastening means with its controlled and uncontrolled ports in difie'rent positions.

12. v A fluid compressor valve consisting of a plane resilient metal plate having a port i an - of fluid through said other'port remotefrom the edge of said valve; and another port near the edge. of said valve, adjacent to the second port remote from the edge of said valve;

13. A fluid compressor valve, consisting of a plurality of plane resilient metal plates each having a port therethrough remote from the edge thereof, and defining a flexible flap; each of said plates having a plurality of holes for fastening means near the edge thereof,- in symmetrical relation with the ports in each of said plates; and fastening means exte'nding through said holes for maintaining all of said plates with their flaps in registry with each other ;'whereby said plates may be selec-. tively fitted to sald fastening means with their ports in different positions with reference to said fastening. means.

14:. A convertible aircompressor andjvacwith two valves which are circular plates of resilient metal of the same pattern, each having two air ports therethrough respectively controlled and uncontrolled by flaps and disposed in reversed relationto each other; said plates being changeable to constitute said apparatus a' fluid compressor or vacuum pump.

'In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this first day of September, 1931;

- CHARLES M. TURSKY. 4

uum pump including a cylinder having two air ports each adapted to be interchangeably constituted an airinlet or an air outlet; a removable valve plate at one end of said cylinder, carrying .two valves which are circular plates of resilient metal of the same pattern, each having two air ports therethrou h respectively controlled and uncontrolled y flaps and disposed in reversed relation and interchangeable with respect to said ports in can,

said cylinder; and a piston for displacing the air in said cylinder. 4

15. An apparatus of the class described including cylinders each having two air openings; a piston having heads respectively op erating in said cylinders and adapted to compress air or to operate asa vacuum ump, and a valve plate in each of said cylinders carryin two valves which are circular plates I of resillent metal of the same pattem, .each having two air ports there'through -res tively controlled and uncontrolled by ups for alternately opening and closing said-air openings by the movement of said piston; said valve plate being interchangeable in pos1t1on to cause the piston and cylinders to compress air or to function as a vacuum pump.

16.'An apparatus of the class described, including oppositely disposed cylinders, each having two air openings each adaptedto be optionally constituted an air inlet or'an air outlet; apiston having heads operating in both of said cylinders; and valve plates local to the respective cylinders, each provided CERTIFICATE 01- CORRECTION;

Potent No 1,880,595. October 4, 1932.

CHARLES M. TURSKY It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numberedya-tent-requiring correction as follows: Page 3, lines I15, 120.

, and 130, claims 5, 6,; and 7, respectively, for-the claim number "5" read 4; and that the said Letters-Patent should here with this correction therein that thesame may conforinQ-to the record of the case in the Patent Office. Signed'a d. seelpd this 29th'da y of November, A. D. 1932.

ill. 3. Moore, {Sean Acting Commissioner of Patents.. 

